Deciduous teeth matrix jewelry and method of manufacture

ABSTRACT

The invention discloses jewelry made of disinfected, pulverized and chemically bonded primary teeth. The teeth are pulverized into two or more parts, located in a mold, and bonded with a bonding agent to form a tooth matrix that is shaped for connection to a jewelry frame. In another embodiment, a hollow interior of a deciduous tooth is filled with a bonding agent. The tooth is positioned in a mold with other tooth particles and bonded to form the tooth matrix. In another embodiment, the hollow interior and/or occlusal of a deciduous tooth is filled with a bonding agent to form a tooth matrix for mounting on a jewelry frame. A display side of the tooth is positioned adjacent to a display surface in a mold. A bonding agent fills the space between the tooth and the mold to form a solid tooth matrix. The solidified tooth matrix is machinable.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No. 13/557,016, filed Jul. 24, 2012; which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/699,476, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,226,877.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical Field

The present invention relates to jewelry, and more particularly to a jewelry made of human bone. One embodiment discloses jewelry made of pulverized and recombined primary human teeth, or baby teeth. When a parent saves the baby teeth of his/her children, the teeth would be partially or fully pulverized and bonded with a chemical bonding agent in a mold or pre-formed frame to create designs personalized to the family members. In another embodiment disclosed herein, processing improvements are disclosed, including an embodiment in which the hollow interior crown of the deciduous teeth is filled with a solidifying bonding agent, and the tooth shaped to form a solid “tooth matrix” that can be mounted in a metal jewelry article as a gemstone would normally be mounted.

2. Description of Related Art

None

BACKGROUND INFORMATION

Jewelry made from the bones and teeth of animals has been known and made and worn in early civilizations. From shark teeth to bear claws, man has adorned his body with animal tissue for both necessity and vanity since before written history. Even today, shark teeth are a popular necklace. It is believed the Vikings may have made jewelry from human teeth. It has also been known to string teeth together for attachment to a necklace. It has also been known in Costa Rica and Chile to set the solid deciduous dentition pieces in gold or silver, to make a necklace or earring.

What has not known to have been done is to manufacture jewelry from processed human deciduous dentition, as in the manner disclosed. The hardest thing in the human body is the enamel on the teeth. Like all mammals, humans have primary teeth and permanent teeth. Teeth begin being formed before birth.

Human teeth are very hard in order to withstand the grinding forces associated with chewing and crunching food. The hard material of the tooth is composed of calcium, phosphorus and other mineral salts. The material in the majority of the tooth is called dentine. The hard, shiny exterior layer is the enamel.

Teeth have two basic parts; a root to anchor the tooth to the jaw and a crown above the gum line. The section where the crown meets the root is called the neck. The root is covered with a hard material called cementum. At the center of each tooth is an area with nerves, arteries and veins called the dental pulp.

Humans have four different types of teeth, each with a different function: Incisors for cutting off bites of food; cuspids (with long sharp points) for tearing food; bicuspids (with two points) to tear and crush food; and molars with large, relatively flat surfaces to crush and grind food.

The four types of teeth together allow humans to be omnivores (eating both meat and vegetables). Most animals have more specialized teeth. Carnivorous (meat eating) animals have long sharp tearing teeth. Grazing animals, like cows and horses, have large flat teeth for grinding grass and other vegetation. Deciduous dentition is also known as the primary, baby, milk, or lacteal dentition.

The term deciduous means “to fall off.” Although deciduous teeth are in time replaced by the succedaneous, or permanent, teeth, they are very important to the proper alignment, spacing and occlusion of the permanent teeth. The deciduous incisor teeth are functional in the mouth for approximately five years, while the deciduous molars are functional for approximately nine years. They therefore have considerable functional significance. The progressive loss of deciduous teeth are considered an important milestone in the developmental phase of childhood.

The events are often marked by celebration, traditions and superstitions around the world. In the United States, tradition is based on tales of the Tooth Fairy. In Australia, mothers are once believed to have crushed their children's baby teeth and eaten the powder.

In some parts of the world, a child's baby tooth was placed in nests where rats or snakes were known to live because people believed evil witches disliked those animals and wouldn't go near them. In many parts of the world, parents placed their children's teeth in mouse nests. They thought that would result in a new tooth growing in the lost tooth's place, just as a mouse's lost teeth somehow re-grew.

In other parts of the world, mothers hid their children's teeth from animals because they believed if an animal found the tooth, a tooth like that animal's would grow in the mouth of the child. In parts of England, mothers at one time burned their children's baby teeth so that evil witches couldn't get their hands on them and gain control of the children.

In the United States and elsewhere, it is common for parents to save, at least for a while, the exfoliated baby teeth of their children as a keepsake of their childhood and development. The typical storage means is a small envelope, or decorative box. One disadvantage of this method of saving deciduous teeth is that the deciduous teeth are biologically contaminated. Another disadvantage of this method is that a small box filled with tiny teeth isn't significant as a keepsake, other than the origin of the teeth themselves.

Another disadvantage of storing deciduous teeth is that the collective individual teeth are easily lost or mixed up with the teeth of other children. Another disadvantage of storing deciduous teeth is their natural geometry combined with bloodstains lacks the display appeal of photographs, gifts, letters, and other memorabilia.

Deciduous teeth are also very different from adult teeth in size, shape, number, and hardness. Each of these differences render the deciduous teeth far more difficult to work with in comparison to gem stones or adult teeth. In particular deciduous teeth cannot be readily shaped or mounted in their native state without crumbling.

A primary problem is that the deciduous teeth are contaminated with bloodstains and residual pulp that are difficult to remove. A significant difficulty in the process of shaping exfoliated deciduous teeth into jewelry is that they have resorbed roots, leaving only a thin crown with a hollow interior space. This renders the deciduous teeth extremely brittle and not shapable with standard lapidary and machining techniques. Further, machining or hand shaping to a depth past the exterior wall exposes the hollow interior, thereby ruining the aesthetic appearance of the article.

Another difficulty in modifying exfoliated deciduous teeth into jewelry or keepsakes is that the disinfecting process can make the teeth even more brittle, and subject to fracture.

Another difficulty in modifying exfoliated deciduous teeth into jewelry or keepsakes is that they often contain thin fractures that cause the teeth to fracture when handled, and may break if dropped even a few inches onto a hard surface. Besides tending to cause the teeth to fracture when handled, the fracture lines will absorb the dye from a conventional lapidary doping wax used to hold the tiny teeth, ruining the appearance of the specimen.

Another difficulty in modifying exfoliated deciduous teeth into jewelry is their very small size, which makes them extremely difficult to handle for cleaning or machining.

Another difficulty in modifying exfoliated deciduous teeth into jewelry is that the dentition varies significantly with gender, race, nutrition, and other factors, such that individual dentition will have varying machinability properties.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the terms “dentition,” “deciduous dentition,” “deciduous teeth,” “primary teeth,” “milk teeth,” and “baby teeth,” are used interchangeably to refer to one or more human primary teeth.

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the terms “permanent dentition,” “permanent teeth,” “secondary teeth,” and “adult teeth,” are used interchangeably to refer to one or more human secondary teeth.

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the term “exfoliated” refers to the normal loss of baby teeth after the loss of their root structure.

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the terms “disinfected” and “decontaminated” are used interchangeably to refer to the cleansing and removal of microorganisms from the tooth.

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the terms “substantial” and “substantially” mean mostly.

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the term “bonding agent” refers to the broad category of such bonding agents, and may include one, or a combination of, dental cements, dental adhesives, dental composites, and non-dental epoxies, adhesives, and glues.

As used herein, and in the parent patent to which this specification is related, the terms “jewelry frame,” and “jewelry framework” are used interchangeably, and may include “bezels” of the type used to hold gemstones, which may be an integral part of the jewelry frame, or that may be separately connected or movably attached to the jewelry frame.

The history of jewelry is as old as the history of man. Styles and trends come and go and come again. What is not found in this history is any event of persons wearing their deciduous teeth, or that of their descendants in the form of jewelry. While the notion sounds barbaric and contrary to civilized norms to some, the inventor believes that it could symbolize the ultimate commitment of love and devotion a parent can have for a child. The symbol exceeds the relevance of personal adornment, much as a Christian wearing a cross.

A primary advantage of the present invention is that it creates a new material form of jewelry. Another advantage of the present invention is that it creates a symbolic means of displaying family commitment in the form of jewelry. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides multiple and virtually unlimited opportunities to display the symbols. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a value added means of keeping family baby teeth. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a novel personal material captured in a jewelry frame.

Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a method of manufacturing jewelry items from deciduous teeth that overcome the several obstacles presented by the small size, small number, variable shape, hollow configuration and brittle consistency of deciduous teeth. Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a method of strengthening and shaping deciduous teeth so that unique and long lasting jewelry items can be made from the deciduous teeth.

Other advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following descriptions, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein, by way of illustration and example, embodiments of the present invention are disclosed.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the deciduous dentition, or primary teeth of one or more children, are provided. The dentition are pulverized into dentition particles. The dentition is disinfected before or after pulverizing. In an optional embodiment, the dentition particles are bleached. In an optional embodiment, the dentition particles are etched. In another optional embodiment, the dentition particles are dyed to obtain a desired color. In an optional embodiment, the dentition is pulverized further into a dentition powder.

In a preferred embodiment, a form, or mold, is provided in the design of the jewelry item desired. The dentition particles are mixed with a chemical bonding agent such as dental cement. The mixture of the dentition particles and chemical bonding agent forms a dentition matrix. The matrix is located within the form. In one embodiment, the form produces a shape similar to a gem stone for mounting in a jewelry article. This will be referred to as a tooth matrix.

As stated above, the term bonding agent is intended to refer to the broad category of such bonding agents, and may include one, or a combination of, dental cements, dental adhesives, dental composites, and non-dental epoxies and glues. These products may be applied in separate steps or collectively to fill voids in a deciduous tooth, or to fill voids between separated portions or particles of one or more of the deciduous teeth, and bond them together as a solid tooth matrix. The various bonding agents may be self-curing, light curing, or a combination thereof. Since the exfoliated deciduous teeth will be used for jewelry, the bonding agent need not be limited to dental grade adhesives, cements or restoration composite resins.

Optionally, an attachment may be located in the matrix to provide a means for attaching the jewelry item to an earring, necklace, bracelet, or the like. Depending on the bonding agent used, specific curing conditions may be recommended to obtain the physical properties desired in the bonded product.

In a preferred embodiment, the matrix is located in a pre-formed jewelry frame. An example of such an item would be a hollow cross. In this manner, the cured matrix would bond to the jewelry frame, securing it in place geometrically, structurally, and/or chemically. This method provides an interference fit potential with the frame to ensure the cured matrix will not dislodge from the frame.

In another preferred embodiment, the deciduous dentition is tumbled into polished dentition particles, larger than a powder. In this embodiment, the dentition particles are mixed or coated with a chemical bonding agent. The mixture of the dentition powder and chemical bonding agent forms the dentition matrix. The matrix is located in a form or pre-formed frame for curing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings constitute a part of this specification and include exemplary embodiments to the invention, which may be embodied in various forms. It is to be understood that, in some instances, various aspects of the invention may be shown exaggerated, enlarged or otherwise spatially modified to facilitate an understanding of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the process for making a piece of jewelry made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of an example of a piece of jewelry in the shape of a cross with pulverized deciduous dentition cemented in place with a composite resin bonding agent.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of an example of a piece of jewelry in the shape of a heart with pulverized deciduous dentition cemented in place with a composite resin bonding agent.

FIG. 4 is a chart illustrating approximate eruption of primary and secondary teeth, for which the primary teeth are utilized in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an occlusal side view of an exfoliated deciduous molar tooth, identifying various surfaces and structure of the deciduous molar.

FIG. 6 is a view of the exfoliated deciduous molar tooth, illustrated from the root-side view, opposite of the occlusal side view of FIG. 5, and identifying the structural features of the tooth.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart disclosing an alternative process for creating a piece of jewelry in which a display face is formed from multiple tooth parts.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart disclosing an alternative process for creating a piece of jewelry in which the pulp chambers are filled with a bonding agent.

FIG. 9 is a drawing of the primary molar of FIG. 5, as viewed from the occlusal side, and illustrating the grooves substantially filled with a solidified bonding agent in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a drawing of the primary molar of FIG. 6, as viewed from the root-side, illustrating the pulp chambers substantially filled with a solidified bonding agent in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a jewelry article having a shaped tooth matrix attached to a jewelry frame, in which the tooth matrix has a display surface comprised of tooth particle bonded together with a solidified bonding agent.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a jewelry article having a shaped tooth matrix attached to a jewelry frame, in which the tooth matrix is comprised of multiple deciduous teeth or tooth parts bonded together with a solidified bonding agent.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a jewelry article having a shaped deciduous tooth attached to a jewelry frame. In this embodiment, a surface of the tooth was selected as the display surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The following description is presented to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention, and is provided in the context of a particular application and its requirements. Various modifications to the disclosed embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments and applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

Humans are diphyodont; they develop two sets of teeth during their lives. The first set of teeth are the deciduous teeth; twenty small teeth also known as baby teeth, milk teeth or primary teeth. Deciduous teeth start developing about two months after conception and typically begin to erupt above the gum line when a baby is six or seven months old. Occasionally a baby is born with one or more deciduous teeth, known as natal teeth. By the time a child is six years old, a second set of thirty-two larger teeth, called permanent teeth, start to erupt, or push out of the gums, eventually replacing the deciduous teeth.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating the steps of creating jewelry in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In this Figure, it is seen that the saved teeth may be decontaminated and whitened in separate steps. It is also appreciated that it is possible to accomplish this in a single step by bleaching the dentition. This has the benefit of reducing the rupture strength of the dentition. It is possible to perform the disclosed steps in a different order, such as whitening after pulverizing. It is also possible to add steps, such as for coloring the dentition.

FIG. 2 is an illustration of a piece of jewelry made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an illustration of another piece of jewelry made in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the deciduous dentition (one or more primary teeth) of one or more children, are provided. The deciduous dentition is identified and recorded with the person from which they originated and maintained separately from the dentition of others. The dentition should be cleaned of visible blood and debris and kept hydrated in tap water, saline solution, or other preservative solution. Extracted teeth, including deciduous dentition, are considered bio-hazardous waste and must be labeled and handled accordingly.

In a preferred embodiment, the provided dentition are decontaminated. Known methods of storing and sterilizing extracted teeth include steam autoclave, freezing, gamma radiation, numerous liquid chemicals, and gaseous chemicals.

In a preferred embodiment, the exfoliated deciduous teeth are decontaminated, such as by soaking in a chlorine or peroxide based bleaching solution, or by autoclaving. Bleaching decontaminates and whitens the dentition. Additionally, bleaching may soften the dentition, increasing the it's susceptibility to crushing.

For example, the deciduous teeth may be placed in a sealed specimen container with a sufficient amount of common household bleach (5.25% or 6%), diluted to approximately 1:10 with tap water. In one embodiment, the bleaching solution is a chlorine or peroxide based bleaching solution at appropriate concentration. Higher concentrations reduce the time required to disinfect and whiten the teeth, but also increase the risk of reducing the strength of the teeth.

For example, hydrogen peroxide solution (H₂O₂), or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) may be used. Hydrogen peroxide is known to be affective at concentrations above approximately 3%.

Sodium hypochlorite is a desirable disinfectant due to its efficacy against pathogenic organisms and pulp digestion. Its concentration for use in conventional endodontic applications varies from 0.5% to 5.25%. At higher concentrations tissue dissolution is better but it also dissolves desirable tissue.

As stated, it will be appreciated that other concentrations and chemical formulations may be used to obtain a satisfactory result. For example, 10% formalin may be used for decontamination and has tissue preservative proprieties.

Alternatively, the dentition may be heat sterilized, as by autoclaving. It is also possible to both autoclave the dentition and separately bleach it for whiteness, as illustrated in FIG. 1.

Thus, while various solutions at various concentrations are capable of disinfecting the exfoliated deciduous teeth, it is the procedural step itself that is important to protect the workers handling the teeth, and to improve the appearance of the final product and the workability of the product by facilitating the removal of pulp related tissue.

For example, in one embodiment in which the teeth are not pulverized, by disinfecting the deciduous teeth, the residual blood and pulp tissue can be removed. This improves the quality of the final product, and importantly, opens the tiny pulp cavity inside the exfoliated tooth so that a bonding agent, such as a solidifying filler can be injected into the pulp cavity. The solidifying filler may be a dental composite of non-dental industry epoxy. In a preferred embodiment, the solidifying filler is colored white, and preferable in a tone and translucence similar to that of the exfoliated deciduous tooth.

As a further example of the benefits provided by the present invention, shaping the solidified tooth matrix may expose contaminants beneath the enamel surface of the tooth. Disinfecting the tooth and filing voids in its structure ensures that the final shaped surface will consist of clean, color compatible bonding agent, rather than voids and contaminants.

In a first embodiment, the disinfected dentition is then partially pulverized (broken into two or more smaller parts or particles). In one embodiment, the particle sizes obtained are between −2 and 2 on the PHI particle scale. This preferred range of particle size retains the natural appearance and recognition of the deciduous teeth, but reduces it to a size small enough to position the particles within the space of a jewelry framework for cementing. In an optional embodiment, the dentition is pulverized into a fine powder form. The powder may be mixed with larger particles to create a solid appearance to the article when reconstituted in a desired shape.

In an alternative embodiment, the exfoliated and pulverized pieces of deciduous teeth are disinfected after they are broken.

The dentition may also be etched with a chemical, such as a phosphoric acid gel. The etching, if performed, roughens the surface of the particles, increasing the surface area and improving the adherence of the dental cement (or other bonding agent) to the particle surfaces. Etching may be performed before or after pulverization. In another optional embodiment, the dentition particles (or powder) are dyed to obtain a desired color.

In a preferred embodiment, a form, or mold, is provided in the design of the jewelry item desired. The dentition particles are mixed with a chemical bonding agent, such as dental cement or dental composite resin. Dental composite resins are types of synthetic resins known in the dental profession as restorative materials or adhesives. These bonding agents are used for the repair of teeth and the construction of artificial teeth and are designed for attachment to tooth enamel.

The mixture of the dentition particles and the chemical bonding agent (such as a dental composite resin, or other bonding agent) forms a dentition-adhesive matrix. The matrix is placed within the form so as to fill the void of the mold.

Optionally, a jewelry attachment may be located in the matrix to provide a means for attaching the jewelry item to an earring, necklace, bracelet, or the like. Depending on the bonding agent used, specific curing conditions may be recommended to obtain the physical properties desired in the bonded product.

Curing of resins containing a photoinitiator is accelerated by exposure to light, such as ultraviolet light. For example, bonding agents containing compounds, such as amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) agents, are light-cured bonding adhesives. Precise curing procedures depend on the bonding agent selected.

In one embodiment, the matrix is located in a pre-formed jewelry frame. An example of such an item would be the frame of a religious article, such as a cross. The frame is preferably a hollow metal structure. In this manner, the matrix would bond to the jewelry frame, securing it in place geometrically and/or bonding chemically. This method provides an interference fit potential with the frame to ensure the cured matrix will not dislodge from the frame.

In an alternative embodiment, the dentition particles are located in the mold first, and the adhesive is then introduced into the mold to fill the voids between the pulverized dentition particles.

In another preferred embodiment, the deciduous dentition is partially crushed into a powder. In this embodiment, the dentition powder is mixed or coated with a chemical bonding agent prior to introduction into the mold. The mixture of the dentition powder and chemical bonding agent forms the dentition matrix, which is then located into a mold form or pre-formed frame for curing.

In another preferred embodiment, the deciduous dentition is tumbled into polished dentition particles, larger than a powder. In this embodiment, the dentition particles are mixed or coated with a chemical bonding agent. The mixture of the dentition powder and chemical bonding agent forms the dentition matrix. The matrix is located in a form or pre-formed frame for curing.

It is known that deciduous teeth are very dissimilar to permanent teeth in a number of ways beyond the obvious size and number differences. In particular, whereas permanent teeth removed from the host may be dense and solid with extended roots, exfoliated deciduous teeth will likely have a lower density, comprising only a hollow crown due to natural resorption of the roots. Residual pulp tissue and blood stains may remain in the pulp cavity, making it difficult to remove.

Exfoliated deciduous teeth may also have surface fissures that increase the brittleness of the teeth, and susceptibility to staining in the presence of dyes or other chemicals. The deciduous teeth may have other defects and inclusions that are difficult to see.

The presently disclosed embodiment provides new procedures for adapting to these several complexities of deciduous teeth, and use them advantageously to provide new jewelry articles.

FIG. 4 is a chart illustrating approximate eruption of primary and secondary teeth, for which the primary teeth are utilized in the present invention. The average child has only twenty primary teeth, including just eight primary molars.

FIG. 5 is a top view representation of an exfoliated deciduous molar tooth 100. All that remains of molar 100 is the crown portion and a thin neck portion 132 (See FIG. 6) that formerly connected the crown to the roots.

In FIG. 5, molar 100 is viewed substantially towards an occlusal side 110, and identifying other surfaces of molar tooth 100. From this view it is seen that molar 100 has a facial side 112 and an opposite lingual side 114 which is the side adjacent to the tongue. A mesial side 116 is the side of tooth 100 that faces the front of the mouth and center of the face. The distal side 118 is the side of tooth 100 that faces opposite to mesial side 116, and towards to back of the mouth. These five sides form the crown of molar 100.

Occlusal side 110 is used for chewing food. Occlusal side 110 has an irregular surface formed by grooves 122 extending between cusps 120. Cusps 120 are the highest points of occlusal side 110. Grooves 122 form the lowest points on occlusal side 110.

FIG. 6 is a root-side 130 view of the exfoliated deciduous molar tooth 100, being illustrated from the side opposite occlusal side 110. Root-side 130 has no roots, since the roots of deciduous teeth are resorbed by the body as part of the exfoliation process. The interior of molar 100 is substantially hollow. Hollow pulp chambers 136 are surrounded by dentin 134. When exfoliated, some tissue and blood is likely to be found in pulp chamber 136 on root-side 130, where the crown detached from the resorbed roots at neck 132.

FIG. 7 is a flow chart outlining an alternative process for manufacturing a jewelry article in which a display surface 30 (FIGS. 11-13) is formed from teeth 22 (FIGS. 11-12). Teeth 22 may be advantageous mixed with smaller tooth parts 18 in this embodiment (not shown). In this embodiment, deciduous teeth (one or more primary teeth) of one or more children, are provided. The deciduous tooth obtained is disinfected in accordance with any of the procedures disclosed herein, or by any other generally accepted procedure. In the next step, pulp chamber 136 is filled with bonding agent 20 (FIGS. 11-12). Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16. Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof.

Solid tooth matrix 16 is now comprised of a display surface 30 and non-display sides (not shown) behind and around display surface 30, and forming the remainder of the exterior of tooth matrix 16. If solid tooth matrix 16 has not been molded to its final shape, a non-display side of tooth matrix 16 is then shaped such as by cutting, sanding, or polishing until tooth matrix 16 obtains the shaped required for complementary fit into jewelry frame 12. Such fit may be into a bezel 26 that is either integral with, or connectable to jewelry frame 12.

The shaping of tooth matrix 16 may be performed by hand, but the present invention advantageously increases the strength of tooth parts 18 and teeth 22 such that tooth matrix 16 can be readily machined using conventional lapidary equipment and technology.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart outlining an alternative process for manufacturing jewelry articles in which a deciduous molar 100 is used to provide the display surface 30. In this embodiment, a deciduous molar tooth 100 is provided. Molar 100 is disinfected in accordance with any of the procedures disclosed herein, or by any other generally accepted procedure. In a subsequent step, pulp chamber 136 is filled with bonding agent 20 (FIGS. 6 and 10). Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16.

Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof. In another step which may be performed before or coincident with the step of filling of pulp chamber 136, grooves 122 of occlusal side 110 are substantially filled with bonding agent 20 (FIGS. 5 and 9). Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16. Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof. In filling pulp chamber 136 and groove 122, bonding agent 20 may be added in layers, and cured between adding layers. This is beneficial in light activated curing to assure complete curing of the bonding agent. Also, additional tooth parts 18 may be added prior to adding a layer of bonding agent 20, to strengthen the tooth matrix 16 and increase the concentration of tooth matter in the tooth matrix 16.

As best seen in FIG. 13, a preferred display side 24 of the tooth is selected. As shown in FIG. 13, solidified tooth matrix 16 may have a single tooth side 24 selected to be the display surface 30.

If sufficiently large, tooth matrix 16 (shown in FIGS. 11-13) may be shaped for connection to jewelry frame 12 such as by using conventional lapidary techniques and equipment. Shaped tooth matrix 16 is then bonded to jewelry frame 12 with bonding agent 20. For connection to jewelry frame 12, a simple adhesive or glue type bonding agent may be used.

If tooth matrix 16 (shown in FIGS. 11-13) is not large enough for shaped connection to jewelry frame 12, it may be built-up with additional bonding agent 20 and optionally with additional tooth parts 18. In this method, selected display side 24 is positioned in a mold (jewelry frame 12) adjacent to the position of display surface 30 of the mold. Bonding agent 20 is placed (by injection or other means) between the mold and tooth matrix 16 and cured to provide a solid tooth matrix 16 that may be shaped for, or if properly shaped, directly connected to jewelry frame 12.

It will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art that the procedural steps generally outlined in FIGS. 7 and 8 may be performed in other sequences and the same desired results may be achieved.

In another embodiment, a doping stick can be attached to tooth matrix 16 on the side opposite display surface 30 to improve handling of solidified tooth matrix 16 during shaping procedures.

FIG. 9 is a drawing of occlusal side 110 of primary tooth molar 100, illustrating groove 122 substantially filled with solidified bonding agent 140, and made in accordance with the manufacturing procedures of the present invention detailed above.

FIG. 10 is a drawing of root-side 130 of primary tooth molar 100, illustrating pulp chambers 136 substantially filled with solidified bonding agent 140, and made in accordance with the manufacturing procedures of the present invention detailed above. In the illustration shown, some or all of the exposed portion of dentin 134 (See FIG. 6) has also been covered by bonding agent 140. The covering of all or part of dentin 134 is optional.

FIG. 11 is a front view of a jewelry article 10 having a solidified tooth matrix 16. Tooth matrix 16 is comprised of deciduous tooth parts 18 and a solidified bonding agent 20 interspersed between deciduous tooth parts 18. Bonding agent 20 bonds tooth parts 18 together and fills voids between tooth parts 18 to form a solid tooth matrix 16. This embodiment may be manufactured in accordance with the procedures disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,226,877, and may include the additional shaping procedures identified herein.

In the embodiment illustrated, tooth matrix 16 is rectilinear in shape, providing pairs of parallel sides connected by a display surface 30, which is viewed from the front when looking directly at jewelry article 10. In the embodiment illustrated, tooth matrix 16 is shaped for complementary attachment to a bezel 26, which is an integral component of jewelry frame 12 of the particular jewelry article 10.

Tooth matrix 16 may be formed and solidified in a remote mold, or in jewelry frame 12 itself. In a preferred embodiment, tooth parts 18 are prearranged in the mold to create the most desirable display surface 30. The desirability of display surface 30 may depend upon the size, shape, quality, color, and collective arrangement of tooth parts 18. The desirability of display surface 30 also depends on maximizing the surface percentage of tooth parts 18 to bonding agent 20.

The desired surface of tooth parts 18 will normally not include the root-side 130. In a molar, the preferred display sides are often, but not exclusively, facial side 112 and lingual side 114.

When tooth parts 18 are relatively small, they may be arranged randomly to form display surface 30. When tooth parts 18 are larger, prearrangement becomes increasingly significant to the aesthetic quality of jewelry article 10. For example, prearrangement of large tooth parts 18 can minimize the percentage of bonding agent 20 visible on display surface 30 of tooth matrix 16.

In one embodiment, deciduous tooth parts 18 are substantially disinfected before bonding. This improves the color and quality of jewelry article 10, and provides a safe working environment for the manufacturer of jewelry article 10.

In one embodiment, disinfected tooth parts 18 are arranged (deliberately or randomly) to form display surface 30. Bonding agent 20 is then applied to the back side of tooth parts 18. A low viscosity bonding agent is preferred so as to penetrate the small spaces between tooth parts 18. Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16. Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is applied in layers, with a curing step between layers to ensure solidification. In another embodiment, additional tooth parts 18 are added prior to adding a layer of bonding agent 20. This process adds hardness to tooth matrix 16, and accomplishes the desirable result of increasing the relative concentration of deciduous tooth material in tooth matrix 16. This procedure is adaptable to any of the embodiments disclosed herein.

In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is colored white to blend with tooth parts 18. In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is a dental composite. In one embodiment, bonding agent is a commercial epoxy. In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is substantially transparent. In an alternative embodiment bonding agent 20 is colored to contrast with tooth parts 18.

Solid tooth matrix 16 is comprised of a display surface 30 and non-display sides (not shown) behind and around display surface 30, and forming the remainder of the exterior of tooth matrix 16. If solid tooth matrix 16 has not been molded to its final shape, a non-display side of tooth matrix 16 is then shaped such as by cutting, sanding, or polishing until tooth matrix 16 obtains the shaped required for complementary fit into jewelry frame 12. Such fit may be into a bezel 26 that is either integral with, or connectable to jewelry frame 12.

Shaping tooth matrix 16 may be performed by hand, but the present invention advantageously increases the strength of tooth parts 18 such that tooth matrix 16 can be readily machined using conventional lapidary equipment and technology. In one embodiment, display surface 30 of tooth matrix 16 is polished.

FIG. 12 is a front view of jewelry article 10 having a shaped tooth matrix 16 attached to bezel 26 of jewelry article 10. In this embodiment, tooth matrix 16 is comprised of multiple deciduous teeth 22 and may further include tooth parts 18 (not illustrated), bonded together with solidified bonding agent 40. This embodiment may be manufactured in accordance with the procedures disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,226,877, and may include the additional procedures identified herein, and particularly as outlined in FIG. 7.

In one embodiment, pulp chamber 136 of tooth 22 is filled with bonding agent 20 to increase the strength and eliminate voids in tooth 22 (See FIG. 7). This process reduces the likelihood that tooth 22 will break apart when machined, and eliminates voids when tooth 22 is shaped beyond the enamel or dentin structure.

In the embodiment illustrated, tooth matrix 16 is rectilinear in shape, providing pairs of parallel sides connected by a display surface 30, which is viewed from the front when looking directly at jewelry article 10. In the embodiment illustrated, tooth matrix 16 is shaped for complementary attachment to a bezel 26, which is an integral component of jewelry frame 12 of the particular jewelry article 10. Other shapes, such as hearts, circles and ovals can also be produced.

Tooth matrix 16 may be formed and solidified in a remote mold, or in jewelry frame 12 itself. In one embodiment, a display side of a tooth 22 is selected. The display side of teeth 22 will normally not include the root-side 130. In a molar, the preferred display sides are often, but not exclusively, facial side 112 and lingual side 114, as they are the larger surfaces.

Selected display side of a tooth 22 is positioned adjacent to the location of display surface 30 in the mold (or frame 12). This helps to create the most desirable display surface 30. Tooth parts 18 may be added to fill in any space between teeth 22. This has the desirable effect of increasing the ratio of tooth 22 and tooth part 18 to bonding agent 20 at display surface 30, minimizing the amount of bonding agent 20 visible on display surface 30.

In one embodiment, deciduous teeth 22 are substantially disinfected before placement in the mold or frame. This improves the color and quality of jewelry article 10, and provides a safe working environment for the manufacturer of jewelry article 10.

In one embodiment, a disinfected tooth 22 is positioned such that a selected display side of tooth 22 adjacent to the display surface and one or more tooth parts 18 are arranged to form display surface 30. Bonding agent 20 is then applied to the back side of teeth 22 (and tooth parts 18 if present). A low viscosity bonding agent is preferred so as to penetrate the small spaces between teeth 22 and tooth parts 18. Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16. Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is applied in layers, with a curing step between layers to ensure solidification. In another embodiment, tooth parts 18 are added after curing of a layer of bonding agent 20. This process adds hardness to tooth matrix 16, and accomplishes the desirable result of increasing the relative concentration of deciduous tooth material in tooth matrix 16.

In a preferred embodiment, bonding agent 20 is colored white to blend with teeth 22. Bonding agent 20 may be a dental composite or commercial epoxy or other bonding agent suitable to adhere to the enamel of teeth 22. In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is substantially transparent, providing a different appearance in which the tooth material is distinguishable from bonding agent 20. In an alternative embodiment bonding agent 20 is colored to contrast with tooth parts 18.

Solid tooth matrix 16 is comprised of a display surface 30 and non-display sides (not shown) behind and around display surface 30, and forming the remainder of the exterior of tooth matrix 16. If solid tooth matrix 16 has not been molded to its final shape, a non-display side of tooth matrix 16 is then shaped such as by cutting, sanding, or polishing until tooth matrix 16 obtains the shape required for complementary fit into jewelry frame 12. Such fit may be into a bezel 26 that is either integral with, or connectable to jewelry frame 12.

Shaping tooth matrix 16 may be performed by hand, but the present invention advantageously increases the strength of tooth parts 18 such that tooth matrix 16 can be readily machined using conventional lapidary equipment and technology. In one embodiment, display surface 30 of tooth matrix 16 is polished.

FIG. 13 is a front view of jewelry article 10 having a shaped tooth matrix 16 attached to bezel 26 of jewelry article 10 In this embodiment, a single surface 24 of a deciduous tooth was selected as display surface 30. This embodiment may be manufactured in accordance with the procedures disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 8,226,877, and may include the additional shaping procedures identified herein, and particularly as outlined in FIG. 8, although it is not required that deciduous molar 100 be used to achieve a display surface from a single deciduous tooth. Other deciduous teeth, such as the incisors and cuspids (canine teeth) may also be used in this manner, but they will provide a smaller tooth matrix 16 as a result of their smaller size.

In one embodiment, pulp chamber 136 of molar 22 is filled with bonding agent 20 to increase the strength and eliminate voids in tooth 22 (See FIG. 8). In another step which may be performed before or coincident with the step of filling pulp chamber 136, grooves 122 of occlusal side 110 are substantially filled with bonding agent 20 (FIGS. 5 and 9). Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16. Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof.

This process reduces the likelihood that tooth 22 will break apart when machined, and eliminates voids when tooth 22 is shaped beyond the enamel or dentin structure.

In this embodiment, and as can be seen in FIG. 13, tooth matrix 16 may have a single tooth side 24 serving as display surface 30. In another embodiment, a doping stick can be attached to tooth matrix 16 on the side opposite display surface 30 to improve handling of solidified tooth matrix 16 during shaping procedures.

In the embodiment illustrated, tooth matrix 16 is rectilinear in shape, providing pairs of parallel sides connected by a display surface 30, which is viewed from the front when looking directly at jewelry article 10. In the embodiment illustrated, tooth matrix 16 is shaped for complementary attachment to a bezel 26, which is an integral component of jewelry frame 12 of the particular jewelry article 10. Other shapes, such as hearts, circles and ovals can also be produced.

If filled molar 100 lacks the size or geometry for complementary fit into jewelry frame 12, a larger tooth matrix 16 of the desired geometry may be formed and solidified in a remote mold, or in jewelry frame 12 itself. In one embodiment, deciduous molar 100 or other tooth 22 is substantially disinfected before placement in the mold or frame 12. This improves the color and quality of jewelry article 10, and provides a safe working environment for the manufacturer of jewelry article 10.

In one embodiment, display side 24 of molar 100 is selected. Display side 24 of molar 100 will normally not be root-side 130. In a molar, the preferred display sides are often, but not exclusively, facial side 112 and lingual side 114, as they are the larger and smoother surfaces.

Display side 24 of disinfected molar 100 is positioned adjacent to the location of display surface 30 in the mold (or frame 12). This helps to create the most desirable display surface 30. Tooth parts 18 may be added to fill in any space between the mold and molar 100. Tooth parts may also be added to bonding agent 20 when filling pulp chamber 136 and grooves 122. This has the desirable effect of increasing the ratio of tooth material and tooth parts 18 to bonding agent 20.

Bonding agent 20 is then applied to the back side of molar 100, opposite display side 24. A low viscosity bonding agent is preferred so as to penetrate the small spaces between molar 100 and any tooth parts 18. Bonding agent 20 is then cured to form a solid tooth matrix 16. Bonding agent 20 may be light cured, self-curing, or a combination thereof.

In one embodiment, bonding agent 20 is applied in layers, with a curing step between layers to ensure solidification. In another embodiment, tooth parts 18 are added after curing of a layer of bonding agent 20. As before, this process adds hardness to tooth matrix 16, and accomplishes the desirable result of increasing the relative concentration of deciduous tooth material in tooth matrix 16.

Bonding agent 20 may be a dental composite or commercial epoxy or other bonding agent suitable to adhere to the enamel of teeth 22.

At this procedural point, filled molar 100 forms a solid tooth matrix 16 having a display side 24 at display surface 30, and non-display sides (not shown) behind and around display surface 30, forming the remainder of the exterior of tooth matrix 16. If tooth matrix 16 has not been molded to its final shape, a non-display side of tooth matrix 16 is then shaped such as by cutting, sanding, or polishing until tooth matrix 16 obtains the shaped required for complementary fit into jewelry frame 12. Such fit may be into a bezel 26 that is either integral with, or connectable to jewelry frame 12.

Shaping tooth matrix 16 may be performed by hand, but the present invention advantageously increases the strength of tooth parts 18 such that tooth matrix 16 can be readily machined using conventional lapidary equipment and technology. In one embodiment, display side 24 of molar 100 is polished.

As illustrated in the embodiments outlined in FIGS. 7 and 8, and as further detailed in FIGS. 11-13, tooth matrix 16 replaces traditional gemstones in placement in jewelry article 10. The disclosed procedures for forming tooth matrix 16 create a deciduous tooth-based product that is machinable by use of conventional lapidary shaping equipment and techniques performed on gemstones.

In an alternative embodiment to those illustrated in FIGS. 11-13, jewelry frame 12 may have prongs for holding tooth matrix 16 in place, or by any other means by which a conventional gemstone is secured to a jewelry frame.

A novel aspect of the invention is that the filled and shaped deciduous teeth 22 (See FIGS. 12 and 13) and tooth matrices 16 (FIGS. 11-13) are displayed materially, but not in their natural geometry. Their aesthetic appeal is derived from the recognition of the material and color in a subtle form that is intentionally contrasted from their normal geometric structure. The subtle association of the jewelry article 10 to the family member who yielded the deciduous teeth enhances the value of the jewelry article 10, which is unlike any other available before the disclosure of the present invention.

It will be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art that the disclosures related to the various figures and embodiments can be mixed and matched to obtain desired results.

In another embodiment, (not illustrated) the foregoing disclosures related to the various figures and embodiments are applied to a keepsake article that is not worn on the body. In this embodiment, one or more deciduous teeth are provided and disinfected. The deciduous teeth are broken into multiple parts. An inlay relief is formed on the keepsake article, such as a jewelry box. The tooth parts are located in the inlay relief. A solidified bonding agent 40 is interspersed between the tooth parts 18 to form a solid tooth matrix 16 inlay on the keepsake article.

While this invention has been described in connection with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular form set forth, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. 

I claim:
 1. A method of making a jewelry article, comprising the steps of: providing a jewelry frame including at least a first and a second frame surface; providing human body components consisting of at least one deciduous tooth having a root side having a substantially hollow pulp chamber, an opposite incisal edge, and a peripheral surface between them; non-destructively disinfecting the deciduous tooth; filling at least part of the pulp chamber of the root side with a solidifying bonding agent; curing the bonding agent to a substantially solid state thereby forming a root side surface; shaping the root side surface and the incisal edge to provide a first tooth surface and a second tooth surface which are complementary to the first and second frame surfaces of the jewelry frame; and, mounting the shaped deciduous tooth in the frame so as to display at least a portion of the peripheral surface as a display surface.
 2. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: applying the bonding agent in layers; and, curing each layer before applying a subsequent layer.
 3. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: adding tooth parts and bonding agent onto a layer of cured bonding agent.
 4. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: adding bonding agent to an exterior surface of the deciduous tooth.
 5. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: the displayed portion of the periphery of the deciduous tooth being the facial side.
 6. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: the displayed portion of the periphery of the deciduous tooth being the lingual side.
 7. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: the first tooth surface having an edge parallel to an edge of the second tooth surface.
 8. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: the jewelry frame having a square shaped interior cavity for receiving the shaped deciduous tooth.
 9. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: disinfecting the deciduous tooth with a bleaching solution.
 10. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: disinfecting the deciduous tooth with hydrogen peroxide.
 11. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: removing residual blood and pulp tissue from the pulp cavity.
 12. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: etching the interior surface of the pulp cavity with a phosphoric acid.
 13. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: curing the bonding agent by the passage of time.
 14. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: curing the bonding agent by irradiation with ultraviolet light.
 15. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: the bonding agent being a dental composite.
 16. The method of making a jewelry article of claim 1, further comprising: the bonding agent being an industrial epoxy. 